Abstract
BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in newborns is a rare condition with heterogeneous etiologies. While the relationship between hyperinsulinism and cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is known, hyperinsulinism has not been reported as cause of HCM.Case presentationWe report the case of cardiac hypertrophy (CH) in an Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) infant; this patient underwent insulin therapy after the onset of persistent hyperglycemia due to parenteral nutrition (PN), supporting the hypothesis of a role of iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia in the development of HCM.ConclusionsThe present case underlines the importance of a close cardiological follow-up in infants undergoing insulin infusion for an alteration in the glucose metabolism.
Highlights
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in newborns is a rare pathological condition in which disruption of the myocardial structures creates a thickening of the heart muscle [1]
In neonates with congenital hyperinsulinism, fetal hyperinsulinemia increases the storage of glucose and lipids with a consequent hyperplasia and hypertrophy of myocardial cells
A multicenter case-control study, conducted by Bearsall et al, showed that insulin infusion administered to hyperglycemic Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infants in the first weeks of life resulted in a significant gain of glucose and a total energy intake
Summary
The present case underlines the importance of a close cardiological follow-up in infants undergoing insulin infusion for an alteration in the glucose metabolism.
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