Cardiac complications of aneurysm repair.

Abstract

To assess the early morbidity and mortality from coronary artery disease (CAD), we reviewed the charts of 49 patients who had elective resection of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms between September 1978 and February 1986 at the VA and LSU medical centers in Shreveport. On the basis of history, physical examination, and resting electrocardiogram, patients were divided into two groups--those with clinical evidence of coronary artery disease (group 1, n = 21) and those without clinical evidence of coronary artery disease (group 2, n = 28). End points measured were perioperative (30-day) myocardial infarction (MI) rate and death. A definite MI was diagnosed when an abnormally elevated CPK-MB was accompanied by a new electrocardiographic abnormality or a reversal of the normal LDH isoenzyme pattern. A possible MI was diagnosed when an elevated CPK-MB was the only abnormality. In group 1, one definite (4.5%) and two possible (9.5%) MIs occurred. In group 2, there were no definite or possible MIs. All cardiac events were discovered by measurements of cardiac enzymes, since none of the patients had cardiac symptoms. This retrospective study reveals a low incidence of clinically significant cardiac events after resection of abdominal aortic aneurysms, even in patients with clinical evidence of coronary artery disease. Prophylactic coronary artery bypass surgery does not appear to be necessary for most patients needing repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.