Abstract
Objective: To verify, based on the literature, what the main cardiac complications are in patients with COVID-19, during treatment in a hospital unit. Materials and methods: An integrative review, carried out by searching for studies in eight national and international databases. The final sample consisted of 16 studies published between January and May 2020, which were subjected to structural evaluation by the following instruments: Case Report Guidelines, for case reports; and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, for observational studies. Results: The main cardiac complications were predominantly obstructive events, herein understood as acute myocardial infarction, followed by severe arrhythmic conditions and heart failure, all due to the hyperinflammation condition resulting from viral infection. Conclusions: The knowledge about cardiac complications during COVID-19 treatment has become important, since it can collaborate for the adoption of more effective treatment protocols and guide the assistance offered by health professionals, in order to identify such complications and intervene early.
Highlights
In 2019, more precisely in December, the first cases of the disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2), a new category of coronavirus [1], were disclosed
A total of 49 articles were selected for reading their titles; of these, 14 were excluded because they were not primary studies or case reports, leaving 35 articles for reading their abstracts, with the exclusion of 19 articles for not describing cardiac complications in patients with COVID-19 during hospital treatment
16 studies made up the final sample of articles, seven of which were published in journals indexed in Scopus, one in Web of Science, one in Embase and seven in Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), all published in 2020 and in English
Summary
In 2019, more precisely in December, the first cases of the disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2), a new category of coronavirus [1], were disclosed. The viral disease, called “COVID-19”, has an important potential for transmissibility via air and contact. It is a viral pneumonia, which affects the upper and lower airways, causing severe respiratory failure, with the need, in cases of too much effort by the individual, to offer oxygen by positive pressure, through mechanical invasive ventilation, that is, the patient will need uninterrupted care in an intensive care unit. The disease causes progressive and rapid deterioration, leading to death [2]
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