Carcass tissue composition in light lambs: Influence of feeding system and prediction equations

Abstract

Fourty-eight Churra Tensina single male lambs were used to evaluate the effect of different feeding systems on carcass composition and predict the carcass tissue composition from joint composition and carcass measurements. Four treatments were studied: GR, unweaned lambs continuously grazing with ewes; GR + S, the same as the previous group, but lambs had free access to concentrate; DRL-GRE, lambs remained indoors with free access to concentrate and ewes grazed for 8 h/day, thereafter remaining with lambs; and DRL, lambs and ewes were kept in confinement, they had free access to concentrate and dry unifeed respectively. In the DRL-GRE and DRL groups lambs were weaned when 45 days old. Lambs were slaughtered at 22–24 kg live weight. Commercial joints from the half left carcass were obtained, recorded and dissected to determine carcass tissue composition. The feeding system had an effect on the proportion of the carcass tissue composition. GR treatment showed higher muscle (M) ( p < 0.05) and bone (B) ( p < 0.001) percentages, and a lower total fat (F) percentage ( p < 0.001) than the rest of treatments. Hence it revealed higher M/F ( p < 0.01) and lower M/B ( p < 0.05) and subcutaneous fat/intermuscular fat ratios (SF/IF; p < 0.001). Carcass composition predictions were more accurate for grams than for percentages. In predictions from joint composition, pelvic limb was the most accurate joint for grams ( R 2 = 0.84, R 2 = 0.68, and R 2 = 0.77 for muscle, bone, and fat, respectively) as well as for percentage ( R 2 = 0.65, R 2 = 0.56, and R 2 = 0.73 for muscle, bone, and fat, respectively). Predictions from carcass measurements were greater in muscle and fat grams ( R 2 = 0.87 and R 2 = 0.86 for muscle and fat, respectively) than in percentage ( R 2 = 0.58 and R 2 = 0.73 for muscle and fat, respectively). Equations to predict carcass tissue that include carcass measurements are a simple method to assess accurately saleable muscle yield from different lamb feeding systems without involving carcass damage.