Abstract
The carbonyl group in aldehydes (RCHO) and ketones (RCOR 0 ) is one of the frequently encountered functionalities in the composition of organic compounds. This group has no active hydrogen atoms, excluding the cases of high content of enols for b-dicarbonyl compounds (b-diketones, esters of b-ketocarboxylic acids, etc.); hence the simplest carbonyl compounds are volatile enough to be analyzed with gas chromatography (GC) in their native forms. Nevertheless, if any other polar groups are present in the molecules of analytes, the conversion of all of them into less polar fragments is recommended. The most important type of organic reactions used in derivatization of carbonyl compounds is condensation with different nucleophilic reagents having primary amino groups, i.e., -NH2 (aryl hydrazines, O-alkyl hydroxylamines, etc.).
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