Abstract
The development of electrochemical sensors based on noble metals has presented remarkable opportunities and challenges for the detection of trace phenols and heavy metal ions. However, the high costs of precious metals hinder the practical implementation of electrode materials. Enhancing the utilization efficiency of precious metals on the electrode surface is a crucial step toward improving electrochemical sensors based on these valuable materials. In this study, the morphology and utilization rate of silver nanoparticles were regulated by decorating nanofilms with different dimensions on carbon fiber electrodes. Specifically, the polypyrrole-derived carbon film coating enabled the material to have a large electroactive area and silver loading capacity. Simultaneously, the limiting effect of graphene quantum dots formed silver nanoparticles into silver clusters and achieved excellent electrochemical detection performance for dihydroxyphenol and heavy metal ions. Compared with silver nanoparticles, silver clusters provide higher electrocatalytic power and atomic utilization of silver. This study provides technical support for the trace analysis of environmental pollutants.
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