Abstract
Wood-derived carbon has a 3D porous framework composed of through channels along the growth direction, which is a suitable matrix for preparing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials with low cost, light weight, and environmental friendliness. Herein, the carbonized wood decorated by short cone-like NiCo2O4 (NiCo2O4@CW) with highly ordered straight-channel architecture was successfully manufactured through a facile calcination procedure. The horizontal arrangement of the through channels of NiCo2O4@CW (H-NiCo2O4@CW) exhibits a strong reflection loss value of -64.0 dB at 10.72 GHz with a thickness of 3.62 mm and a low filling ratio of 26 wt% (with the density of 0.98 g·cm-3), and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 8.08 GHz (9.92–18.0 GHz) at the thickness of 3.2 mm. The excellent microwave absorption (MA) property was ascribed to the ordered-channel structure with abundant interfaces and defects from NiCo2O4@CW, which could promote the interfacial polarization and dipole polarization. What is more, this advantageous structure increased the multiple reflections and scattering. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulation is carried out to detect the interaction between the prepared material and EMW when the ordered channels are arranged in different directions. This research provides a low-cost, sustainable, and environmentally friendly strategy for using carbonized wood to fabricate microwave absorbers with strong attenuation capabilities and light weight.
Highlights
Due to the serious problem of electromagnetic pollution and the urgent need of military anti-reconnaissanceJ Adv Ceram 2022, 11(1): 105–119 as carbon fiber [3], carbon nanotube (CNT) [4,5,6], metal-organic framework (MOF) [7], and graphene [8], exhibited good microwave absorption (MA) performance
In order to make full use of the 3D ordered porous framework derived from wood-derived carbon, our research introduces NiCo2O4 mixture on the wall of highly ordered straight channels inherited from wood
The mass fraction of carbon in NiCo2O4@CW composites is obtained by Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), described in Fig. S1 in the Electronic Supplementary Material (ESM), which indicated the weight ratio of CW is 56.2 wt%
Summary
J Adv Ceram 2022, 11(1): 105–119 as carbon fiber [3], carbon nanotube (CNT) [4,5,6], metal-organic framework (MOF) [7], and graphene [8], exhibited good MA performance. The three-dimensional (3D) skeleton composed of orderly-arrangement and through channels existing in wood-derived carbon can be applied to MA materials, which is favor of microwave scattering and multi-reflections to prolong the propagation path of EMW [12] and forms an efficient conductive network to enhance the conductive loss [13], and provides a load position for magnetic materials to improve impedance matching and cause magnetic loss [14] This 3D porous structure can be used as an ideal carbon substrate for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and MA materials. We hope that this work lays a significant foundation for the design and application of wood-derived carbon absorbers to fulfill the evergrowing demands
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