Carbonization of petroleum binders. 2. Oils from carbonization of petroleum binders

Abstract

Changes of composition, structure, and contents of some functional groups, of oils from petroleum binders, in relation to temperature of carbonization from about 710 K to 1200 K have been investigated. Oils from carbonization of petroleum binders are of hydrocarbon type, and their elemental compositions are almost independent of carbonization temperature. During the thermal decomposition of these binders, about 75–80 wt % of gaseous and vapour products are emitted. As carbonization temperature increases, molecular weights of the oils increase from about 250 to about 290; their density, index of refraction, and molar refraction increase. Structural analysis of the oils showed that they contained about 30% of cyclic hydrocarbons (aromatic and cycloalkane) as well as alkanes. The number of rings in the average structural unit of oil increases with increase of carbonization temperature, especially the number of aromatic rings. About 60–70 vol % distills before 633 K under atmospheric pressure; the distillate is paraffinic, while the residue after distillation is aromatic-alicyclic. Oils from carbonization of P-70 asphalt have similar compositions and chemical natures, but lower molecular weights, than oils from carbonization of residues after vacuum distillation of crude oil. Oils from carbonization of pitch are decidedly aromatic.