Abstract
This work investigated the use of waste tire as a source of carbon in preparation of carbon-based catalysts for applying in ethanol dehydration. The pyrolysis of waste tire was performed to obtain the solid carbon, and then it was treated with two different acids including HCl and HNO3 prior to the activation process with different temperatures to gain suitable carbon catalysts. All carbon catalysts were characterized using nitrogen physisorption, XRD, FTIR, and acid-base titration. The catalysts were tested for catalytic ethanol dehydration in a micropacked-bed reactor under the temperature range from 200°C to 400°C. It revealed that the ethanol conversion increased with increasing the reaction temperature for all catalysts. The carbon catalyst treated with HCl and calcined at 420°C (AC_H420) exhibited the highest ethanol conversion of 36.2% at 400°C having ethylene and diethyl ether selectivity of 65.9 and 33.5%, respectively. The high activity of this catalyst can be attributed to the high acid density at the surface (18.5 μmol/m2), which was significantly higher than those of most other catalysts (less than 8.0 μmol/m2).
Highlights
It has been reported that global tire manufacturing output is estimated to be over 17 million tons in 2016 and is growing nearly by 4% per year through 2022 [1]. is leads to large amounts of waste tires produced annually
The pyrolysis is nontoxic without emission of harmful gas, unlike incineration [5]. e proportions of pyrolysis products including gas, oil, and solid carbon depend on the rate of temperature rise, time of decomposition, temperature, and pressure [6]
From a nitrogen adsorption-desorption technique, which gave details of surface and pore characteristics, it was found that surface areas and pore volume of all activated carbons increased with increasing the activation temperature indicating no sintering occurred. e higher temperatures enhance a removal of organic volatile compounds and noncarbon atom remained in the activated carbons resulting in the additional pores inside the structure, leading to the higher pore volume and the larger surface [18]
Summary
It has been reported that global tire manufacturing output is estimated to be over 17 million tons in 2016 and is growing nearly by 4% per year through 2022 [1]. is leads to large amounts of waste tires produced annually. Is leads to large amounts of waste tires produced annually. A common way for disposal of these waste tires is land filling. Due to their large volume and high void space (about 75%), they consume a considerable amount of space if directly dumped into landfill [2]. Burning waste tires release various harmful gases such as CO2 and CO, and volatile organic compounds such as benzene, styrene, butadiene, and phenollike substances [3]. One of the most interesting and dynamically developing methods for reducing waste tires is a pyrolysis process [4]. E pyrolysis process is the waste disposal, and produces alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. The pyrolysis is nontoxic without emission of harmful gas, unlike incineration [5]. e proportions of pyrolysis products including gas, oil, and solid carbon depend on the rate of temperature rise, time of decomposition, temperature, and pressure [6]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
