Abstract

1. In the process of carbonation with a promoter, no water should be added. Under these circumstances, a product can be obtained with the required level of alkalinity, this level remaining unchanged until the end of the process, and the calcium hydroxide charge can be utilized to the maximum extent. 2. The optimal quantity of methanol is 1.2 moles per mole of calcium hydroxide charged. 3. The optimal upper limit of excess alkalinity for the MASK additive is 200–220%; this is reached when the Ca(OH)2 charge is 8–10% of the weight of the ASK additive. The use of larger charges of calcim hydroxide to raise the additive alkalinity level will give additives with poorer quality. 4. Variations in temperature between 20 to 50°C have no effect on the carbonation process or on the physicochemical and service properties of the MASK additive.

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