Abstract
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of drillings at 5mm depth intervals from a 36 year old in-situ concrete provided information on the steepness on the carbonation front for indoor and outdoor exposure. TGA results for indoor exposure suggested that the cement gel was fully carbonated to a depth of 45mm but calcium hydroxide was present from 25mm and increased to a maximum at a depth of 65mm: a gradient covering 40mm. For outdoor exposure the gradient extended over only 10mm. Phenolphthalein measurements identified the first drill sample containing calcium hydroxide and showed neutralization depths of 26 and 38mm for indoor and outdoor exposure respectively. The phenolphtalein results and the TGA data for complete carbonation indicated that outdoor exposure was more severe but TGA data for the deepest penetration of carbon dioxide suggested the reverse. It was recommended that service life studies of reinforced concrete structures should consider the steepness of the carbonation front.
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