Abstract
Replacement of apatite cement (AC) to bone is still controversial issue. To understand factor that could affect the replacement of AC to bone, AC consisting of an equimolar mixture of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP; Ca4(PO4)2O) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA; CaHPO4) was allowed to set at 37C and 100% relative humidity under 5% CO2 or N2. Carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) was formed when AC was allowed to set under 5% CO2. The amount of CO3 decreased gradually as the depth from the surface increased. The CO3Ap was the B-type CO3Ap in which CO3 2- was replaced with PO4 3- and the CO3Ap found in bone. Larger amount of TTCP remain unreacted when the AC was allowed to set under N2 whereas smaller amount of TTCP remain unreacted when the AC was allowed to set under CO2. This may be caused by the larger Ca/P molar ratio of CO3Ap. Formation of CO3Ap and/or small unreacted TTCP are thought to be key factors for the replacement of AC to bone.
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