Abstract
As a green and preferred technology for energy crisis and environmental issues, continuous research on photocatalysis and gas sensing has come forth at an explosive rate. Thus far, promising synthetic methods have enabled various designs and preparations of semiconductor-based nanostructure which have shown superior activity. This review summarized various synthetic routines toward carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures and their successful attempts in synthesize doping, solid solution, heterostructure, and surface modified nanostructures for heterogeneous photocatalysis and gas sensing. Moreover, the challenges and future prospects are briefly discussed. It is eagerly anticipated that this review may broaden the view and in-depth understanding of carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures while expected to have further progresses in heterogeneous photocatalysis, gas sensing and other related fields which will make great contributions to their application.
Highlights
Developing sustainable energy is one of the most urgent tasks of humankinds
Doping, solid solution, heterostructure, and surface modification strategies have been successfully realized in carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures
These successful attempts are due to the unique characteristics of carbon sphere templates like the whole synthesis process is totally green and the surface radicals adsorb metal ions uniformly and non-selectively
Summary
Developing sustainable energy is one of the most urgent tasks of humankinds. With the development of science and technology, the explosive growth of energy demand is making limited traditional fossil energy stretched thin. Designing and constructing nanostructures is the trend of enhancing sensing performance of semiconductor-based gas sensors To this end, researchers have synthesized nanomaterials by various methods and improved the efficiency of solar absorption and conversion efficiency of the photocatalysts by doping, constructing heterostructures and surface modification. We will first give an overview on the synthesis of carbon sphere template and summarized various synthetic routines toward carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructures, including their advantages in synthesizing different types of nanostructure for photocatalysis (doping, solid-solution, heterostructure, surface modification) Their valuable applications in gas sensing using the same idea as photocatalyst modification will be summarized and discussed. At the end of this review, challenges and outlooks in the field of carbon sphere template derived hollow nanostructure are highlighted
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