Carbon Sequestration Assessment in Kazakhstan’s Forests: Analytical Review

Abstract

Climate change processes are occurring on a global scale, accompanied by the emission of substantial greenhouse gas quantities into the atmosphere, with carbon monoxide and dioxide as their predominant components. The analytical review presents the results of assessing the current state of existing research on carbon sequestration in forests. Forest ecosystems play a crucial role in climate change mitigation by absorbing substantial amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, making woodlands the most important carbon sink. Forest biomass and productivity determine the level of carbon accumulation in forest ecosystems. The methods for estimating carbon sequestration are based on various models such as InVEST, CO2FIX, CBM-CFS3, etc. It has been observed that forests accumulate, absorb, and emit carbon dioxide, constituting a trifecta in climate change dynamics. The limited research on carbon sequestration by forests in Kazakhstan substantiates further targeted scientific investigation. The recommendations for enhancing the carbon sequestration potential of domestic woodlands include afforestation and commercial forestry. Progress in these sectors will not only improve the efficiency but also foster the sustainable development of forest resources as a means of climate change adaptation.