Abstract
We demonstrated carbon-neutral (CN) energy circulation using glycolic acid (GC)/oxalic acid (OX) redox couple. Here, we report fundamental studies on both catalyst search for power generation process, i.e. GC oxidation, and elemental steps for fuel generation process, i.e. OX reduction, in CN cycle. The catalytic activity test on various transition metals revealed that Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt have preferable features as a catalyst for electrochemical oxidation of GC. A carbon-supported Pt catalyst in alkaline conditions exhibited higher activity, durability, and product selectivity for electrooxidation of GC rather than those in acidic media. The kinetic study on OX reduction clearly indicated that OX reduction undergoes successive two-electron reductions to form GC. Furthermore, application of TiO2 catalysts with large specific area for electrochemical reduction of OX facilitates the selective formation of GC.
Highlights
Efficient power distribution is a key to realize a sustainable society driving with renewable energies
Whereas we found out the excellent catalytic ability of TiO2 for OX reduction by testing the catalytic performance of various metals and their oxides in our previous paper [19], glycolic acid (GC) oxidation have been performed only with a Pt catalyst
Catalytic activity test for transition metal electrodes The catalytic test on a transition metal electrode for electrochemical oxidation of GC was conducted by performing cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements using a metal plates of Ti, V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, Mo, Pd, Ag, Ta, W, and Au or wires of Rh, Re, Ir, and Pt as a working electrode in the presence and absence of GC
Summary
Efficient power distribution is a key to realize a sustainable society driving with renewable energies. Various H2 carriers such as organic hydrides [12], NH3 [13], amides [14] and formate converted from CO2 [15], have been proposed as a H2 carrier, and some have achieved the efficiencies demanded for practical use In this regard, liquid energy carriers, e.g. gasoline, offer great merit by considering the manageability of liquid fuels. GC was reproduced via electrochemical hydrogenation of OX on an anatase TiO2 catalyst with hydrogen generated from water at a Pt anode. These results are the first demonstration of CO2-free power circulation using an alcohol/acid redox couple. We clarified that four-electron reduction of OX to GC proceeded through successive two-electron reductions and application of TiO2 catalysts with large specific area can suppress H2 production and led to high selectivity for reduction of OX to GC
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