Abstract
1D semiconducting oxides are unique structures that have been widely used for photovoltaic (PV) devices due to their capability to provide a direct pathway for charge transport. In addition, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have played multifunctional roles in a range of PV cells because of their fascinating properties. Herein, the influence of CNTs on the PV performance of 1D titanium dioxide nanofiber (TiO2 NF) photoelectrode perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is systematically explored. Among the different types of CNTs, single‐walled CNTs (SWCNTs) incorporated in the TiO2 NF photoelectrode PSCs show a significant enhancement (≈40%) in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) as compared to control cells. SWCNTs incorporated in TiO2 NFs provide a fast electron transfer within the photoelectrode, resulting in an increase in the short‐circuit current (J sc) value. On the basis of our theoretical calculations, the improved open‐circuit voltage (V oc) of the cells can be attributed to a shift in energy level of the photoelectrodes after the introduction of SWCNTs. Furthermore, it is found that the incorporation of SWCNTs into TiO2 NFs reduces the hysteresis effect and improves the stability of the PSC devices. In this study, the best performing PSC device constructed with SWCNT structures achieves a PCE of 14.03%.
Highlights
High-performance photovoltaic (PV) cells that can convert the ducting oxide (TCO) coated glass substrate, a compact titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer, mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO2 layer, perovskite layer, hole transporting layer, and metal contact.[5,17,18,19,20,21]sun’s energy directly into electricity through the PV effect are The working principle of this class of perovskite solar both scientific and industrial communicells (PSCs) can be expressedM
We have demonstrated the successful incorporation of highly conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into 1D TiO2 NF photoelectrodes for highly efficient PSCs
We found that the use of single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) is the most effective material among three different types of CNTs to obtain high power conversion efficiency (PCE) from the devices
Summary
High-performance photovoltaic (PV) cells that can convert the ducting oxide (TCO) coated glass substrate, a compact titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer, mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO2 layer, perovskite layer, hole transporting layer, and metal contact.[5,17,18,19,20,21]. Nann MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington 6140 Wellington, New Zealand The measured values for the injection times of electrons and holes in PSCs are 0.4 and 0.6 ns, respectively.[23] these values are three orders of magnitude longer than the hot carrier cooling time (≈0.4 ps), which leads to carrier trapping and a significant loss of the photon energy due to thermalization.[23] a large number of grain boundaries in the nanocrystalline films leads to rapid charge recombination, resulting in reduced device performance. While previous work has shown TiO2 NF-based PSCs can achieve PCE values of up to 9.8%[25] and 13.4% for atomic layer deposited nanorods,[54] in this work, our best performing PSC achieved a PCE of 14.03%
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