Abstract

Carbon nanotubes are tube-shaped allotropic forms of carbon that have gained increasing attention in biomedical applications, especially as carriers for drug or gene delivery. However, increasing evidence indicates that carbon nanotubes have the potential to induce metabolomic toxicity, leading to dysregulation of numerous metabolic pathways, ranging from energy metabolism to amino acid biosynthesis. Here, we discuss the metabolomic toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), with a focus on similarities and differences in their metabolic effects while aiming to reveal a broad ecological impact of carbon nanotubes not only on humans but also on fish and plants.

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