Abstract
The aim of this article was to report the carbon nanofoam synthesis by a new method and a new catalytic mixture. Using the pulsed electric arc discharge method, carbon nanofoam was synthesized. The synthesis was carried out in a controlled atmosphere at 200 torr of hydrogen pressure. The pulsed electric arc discharge was established between two graphite electrodes with 22.8 kVA of power and 150 A DC current; the cathode was relatively motionless and was made of a pure carbon rod of 6 mm diameter, and the spinner anode was a pure carbon disc spinning at 600 rpm; over the disc was an annular cavity where the new catalytic mixture of 93.84/2.56/1.43/0.69/1.48 of C/Ni/Fe/Co/S molar fraction was deposited in a geometrically fixed way by 8 catalytic mixture blocks and 8 empty spaces, and the discharge frequency was 80 Hz. After the synthesis was made, the resulting products were deposited on the electrodes, proving that our method can synthesize different carbon nanostructures easily and at low cost.
Highlights
Some methods for improving the formation of carbon nanofoam include the one mentioned by Zel’dovich et al [10] that has been used since with many variations of gas density or laser power, where it is stated that the presence of a gas atmosphere during the Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process may have two different objectives: the use of a chemically reactive gas is necessary either to correct incongruent ablation or to introduce in the deposited film atomic species that are lacking in the target material
Is growth is achieved due to the angle of the cathode that is located relatively normal to the anode and is of about 60°. e catalytic mixture employed was as follows: 93.84/2.56/1.43/0.69/1.48 of C/Ni/Fe/Co/S in molar fractions. is catalytic mixture is a modification to that used by Liu et al [15] and Tibbetts et al [16], by using this, it is intended to induce topological defects as pentagonal rings by increasing the sulfur concentration to a double proportion; this mixture adds the sulfur in its elemental stage, while in the original, the sulfur is added as FeS
Results and Discussions e first result after the experiment showed no deposition of nanotubes in spiderweb form; as a result, there was no growth of single wall or few wall carbon nanotubes, possibly due to excess sulfur concentration; carbon nanostructures were deposited on the walls of the chamber and on the surface of the electrodes. e material deposited on the walls of the chamber was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and was found mostly as amorphous carbon. e material deposited in the electrodes was characterized by the same microscopy, and a different material was found; this material showed very porous nanostructures, similar to fractals. is material was characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as by Raman spectroscopy
Summary
Centro de Desarrollo Aeroespacial, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Belisario Dominguez 22, Centro, 06610 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. Using the pulsed electric arc discharge method, carbon nanofoam was synthesized. E pulsed electric arc discharge was established between two graphite electrodes with 22.8 kVA of power and 150 A DC current; the cathode was relatively motionless and was made of a pure carbon rod of 6 mm diameter, and the spinner anode was a pure carbon disc spinning at 600 rpm; over the disc was an annular cavity where the new catalytic mixture of 93.84/2.56/1.43/0.69/1.48 of C/Ni/Fe/Co/S molar fraction was deposited in a geometrically fixed way by 8 catalytic mixture blocks and 8 empty spaces, and the discharge frequency was 80 Hz. After the synthesis was made, the resulting products were deposited on the electrodes, proving that our method can synthesize different carbon nanostructures and at low cost
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