Abstract
Fast lithium ion and electron transport inside electrode materials are essential to realize its superb electrochemical performances for lithium rechargeable batteries. Herein, a distinctive structure of cathode material is proposed, which can simultaneously satisfy these requirements. Nanosized Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP) particles can be successfully grown up on the carbon nanofiber via electrospinning method followed by a controlled heat‐treatment. Herein, LVP particles are anchored onto the surface of carbon nanofiber, and with this growing process, the size of LVP particles as well as the thickness of carbon nanofiber can be regulated together. The morphological features of this composite structure enable not only direct contact between electrolytes and LVP particles that can enhance lithium ion diffusivity, but also fast electron transport through 1D carbon network along nanofibers simultaneously. Finally, it is demonstrated that this unique structure is an ideal one to realize high electron transport and ion diffusivity together, which are essential for enhancing the electrochemical performances of electrode materials.
Highlights
We explored the method for realizing the unique structure, in which LVP particles are anchored in carbon nanofibers, based on electrospinning and controlled heat-treatment
The increase of heat-treatment time at elevated temperature is accompanied by the reduction of carbon nanofiber making its diameter thinner and reducing V5+ to V3+
We successfully designed and realized LVP/carbon nanofiber comprised of LVP particles anchored in carbon nanofibers to simultaneously increase electronic conductivity as well as lithium ion diffusivity
Summary
Introduction composed of slightly distortedVO6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra sharing oxygen vertex provides large interstitial spaceIn the current society, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) that makes lithium ions capable of moving fast inside the struchave been considered as one of the most important energy ture.[11,12,13] just like other metal phosphate group, it storage systems since they were invented.[1,2] The development shows limited electronic conductivity (10−8–10−9 S cm−1), which of advanced LIBs is still going on in order to satisfy the growing is critically against the commercialization of LVP.[6,14,15] demand of portable devices, electric vehicles (EV), and hybrid its low electronic conductivity should be improved without sacelectric vehicles (HEV), which commonly require higher energy rificing its significant advantage in terms of lithium ion diffudensity and more durable cycle life.[1,2,3] As the performance of sivity to utilize LVP as a commercial cathode material in the LIBs heavily fluctuates with materials that they are composed near-future.of, intensive studies on key materials look essential for futureIt is well known that the surface coating with electronically or ionically conductive materials can facilitate the move-Dr M.-S. When heat-treatment time was over 1 h, LVP particles in the composite began to grow up or agglomerate as shown in Figure S3b (Supporting Information) rendering oval particles to be anchored in carbon nanofibers.
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