Carbon nanofiber-based voltammetric sensor for the simultaneous quantification of β-Lactum antibiotics as amoxicillin and clavunate potassium

Abstract

The present work reports a novel electrochemical method for the simultaneous quantification of amoxicillin (AMX) and clavunate potassium (CLV) at carbon nanofiber-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by using square wave voltammetry due to its high sensitivity, low cost, simplicity, and degrades the signal-to-noise ratio. The developed sensor was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, X-Ray powder diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The fabricated electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards electrochemical oxidation of both compounds in BR buffer pH 2.0. All the instrumental parameter that affects the anodic peak current of AMX and CLV was also optimized during the investigation. Two well-resolved oxidation peaks at 0.55 V and 1.05 V for AMX and CLV were optimized at the time of analysis of these analytes. The limit of detection was 98 nM for AMX and 95 nM for CLV and the limit of quantification was 0.298 µM and 0.289 µM for AMX and CLV respectively, achieved at the fabricated sensor. The proposed method has also been examined in pharmaceutical formulation and biological samples with satisfactory recovery results.