Carbon molecular sieve membrane formed by oxidative carbonization of a copolyimide film coated on a porous support tube

Abstract

A copolyamic acid was synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) as the dianhydride and 4,4′-oxydianiline (4,4′-ODA) and 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT) as the diamine and was coated on the outer surface of a porous alumina support tube. The film was imidized and then carbonized by varying reaction period, temperature and atmosphere. Permeances of the BPDA-ODA/DAT carbon membrane were much lower than those of BPDA-ODA carbon membranes. However, the performance of the BPDA-ODA/DAT copolyimide-based membrane was greatly improved by treating in air at temperatures up to 500°C for 1 h, followed by carbonizing in nitrogen at temperatures up to 700°C. Permeance to CO 2 for the BPDA-ODA/DAT carbon membrane prepared under optimum conditions was 3 × 10 −8 mol m −2 s −1 Pa −1, and the separation coefficient of CO 2 to CH 4 was 60 at a permeation temperature of 35°C. These were comparable to the results of carbon membranes prepared from BPDA-ODA polyimide. The micropore structure of the BPDA-ODA/DAT carbon membrane was thus successfully controlled by an optimized combination of oxidation and carbonization after imidization.