Carbon Footprint in the Agri-Food Industry in Indonesia: An Analysis of Current Trends and Future Directions

Abstract

Abstract The agri-food industry in Indonesia plays a crucial role in socio-economic development. It contributes 37% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the non-oil and gas processing industry sector. However, the agri-food industry contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of about 10-12% of total anthropogenic greenhouse gases. It is predicted to increase, along with food consumption needs. These GHG emissions contribute to climate change and threaten the food industry’s sustainability. The purpose of this research is to examine existing trends and future direction of the carbon footprint in the agri-food industry and propose future recommendations for research and policy in reducing the carbon footprint of the agri-food industry in Indonesia. Combining a review of existing literature and an analysis journals related to the topics to find the research gaps, we found an increasing trend of carbon footprint from the agri-food industry in Indonesia between 2007 and 2023, in which food processing, packaging, transportation, and waste management are significant contributors to the agri-food supply chain. There are several recommendations to reduce the carbon footprint when research is essential, such as adopting more efficient product processing, packaging technologies, and improved waste management.