Carbon Fibres with Specific Physical and Physicochemical Properties Based on Hydrated Cellulose and Polyacrylonitrile Precursors. A Review

Abstract

A wide assortment of carbon fibres (CF) made from readily available hydrated cellulose (HC) and PAN staple fibres and twists, textile and other fibre materials, including heat and chemical-resistant composites, has been developed. The use of these materials is based on their unique thermal, physical, physicochemical, and biological properties. The precursor fibres have their own characteristics and the properties of the CF and CFM made from them are correspondingly different. The economic aspects of their fabrication differ slightly, and CF made from PAN perhaps now have some advantages. However, in the near future, the price ratio will vary in support of cellulose fibres since products made from crude oil, natural gas, and coal are gradually becoming more expensive. The economics of small-tonnage fibres with original specific properties should be taken into consideration based on the efficiency of their use. The uniqueness of these fibres gives those which are irreplaceable and most effective the “right to life.” In this respect, all of the CF and CFM examined are important and promising. Far from all of the possible applications of these fibres have been discovered and implemented, which makes them even more promising for the future.