Abstract

The analytical performance of micro-electrodes manufactured from several types of carbon fibre is investigated. The reduction of copper(II) in a chloride medium is used to assess this performance. Calibration curves in the 10–50 mg 1 −1 range are linear; the relative standard deviation is 4–7% for measurements of 30 mg l −1 Cu 2+. The effect of electrochemical pretreatment on surface ionizable groups is examined with the aid of pH-stat experiments. This pretreatment increases the sensitivity of the electrodes as well as increasing the number of ionizable groups on the electrode surface. It is suggested that these groups are quinoidal, and that their presence increases the ease with which electrochemical reduction takes place.

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