Abstract
Understanding the weldability of steel in relation to the use of carbon equivalent is very necessary for the welding industry. The study was poised to unearth the fundamentals of carbon equivalent as applied in evaluating the weldability of steel. The study used a two-stage design approach to address the problem of carbon equivalence weldability of steel, thus, survey and experimental. Two different steels were tested to ascertain their chemical composition which could inform carbon equivalent calculation, and the results revealed microalloy and low alloy steels respectively. In subjecting the microalloy steel to carbon equivalent analyses of the AWS and IIW coefficients; revealed a value (CEV) = 0.11 each, suggesting that this microalloy steel has excellent weldability; no preheating is required. A successful welding operation on this steel does not depend on preheating. Also, the average results of the low alloy steel revealed a value (CEV) = 0.37 and 0.32 respectively, suggesting that this type of steel has very good weldability and may require to preheat. It is recommended that welders have a general idea about the weldability of steel with regard to carbon equivalent calculation. In addition, they should understand the chemical compositions of steels they are dealing with.
Highlights
Carbon equivalent is an essential predictor of steel hardenability, weldability and hydrogen induced cracking [1]
Two different steels were tested to ascertain their chemical composition which could inform carbon equivalent calculation, and the results revealed microalloy and low alloy steels respectively
A successful welding operation on this steel does not depend on preheating
Summary
Carbon equivalent is an essential predictor of steel hardenability, weldability and hydrogen induced cracking [1]. Whereas few of them have a hazy idea, the majority of them have not heard of carbon equivalent before It is no wonder most welders turn away most jobs involving low alloy steels under the pretext of the fact that “those steels are difficult to weld” and claim from experience that those metals are hard and can crack during or after welding. Most of these turn-away jobs are repair-related on microalloy and low alloy steels of machine parts. Introduce welders to the evaluative capability of carbon equivalent
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