Carbon dot-based materials for wound healing applications

Abstract

Skin repair is a complicated procedure in the human body. A proper clinical outcome cannot usually be provided by the present treatments to heal wounds. Reduction of infection, moisturisation of the wound, stimulation of the healing mechanisms, acceleration of the wound closure, and reduction of scar formation require more curative procedure. Nanomaterials are used in managing wound healing by representing an exclusive instrument with a specific design for close reflection of the physiologic procedures in injured tissues. Carbon dots (CDs) are tiny fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with a size range below 10 nm in diameter. Throughout the last few years, these nanomaterials have gained a rising ground because of their less toxicity, adjustable fluorescence, and physicochemical specifications. The wound healing field has witnessed a novel perspective owing to CDs-based therapies. This review summarises the state-of-the-art CDs-based wound healing applications and highlights their advantages over conventional wound healing methods. Following an introduction, the first section covers synthesise methods of CDs for wound healing application. Then, methods of wound treatment by using CDs were classified. After that, models to study the effect of CDs on wound healing have been studied. A final section covers the role of using CDs in wound healing. The conclusion summarises the current status and gives an outlook on potential future trends.