Carbon dioxide sterilization in critical/subcritical condition as an alternative to modern methods of eradication of bacteria, fungi and viruses on medical items (literature review)

Abstract

Infections associated with the provision of medical care (ISMP) are a global problem that require the close attention of medical and preventive institutions. Therefore, strict compliance with the anti-infective safety regime, as well as the development of decontamination methods, materials and medical devices are an urgent approach to minimizing the risk of nosocomial infections.
 The purpose of the study is to provide an analytical assessment of the antimicrobial effectiveness of sterilization of medical materials and instruments with carbon dioxide in a supercritical and sub-supercritical state in comparison with other modern regulated methods of sterilization.
 Materials and methods. A meta-analysis of 1027 publications identified 67 publications, which are presented and analyzed in this literature review.
 Results and discussion. An updated review of experimental protocols based on supercritical sterilization and efficiency results sorted by strains of microorganisms and processed materials was carried out. The multidimensional effect of this sterilization method on microbial cells, spores, fungi and viruses is analyzed. Advantages and disadvantages in comparison with other sterilization technologies (autoclaving and its analogues, plasma sterilization, gamma rays) have been established conclusion.
 Conclusion. The use of carbon dioxide in supercritical/sub-supercritical states is a promising method that ensures high reliability of sterilization and the safety of processing objects.