Abstract
Human health is dependent on the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) of residential and public buildings, where people spend a substantial amount of time. Part of IAQ parameters, like temperature or humidity influence the thermal comfort of users, whereas too high carbon dioxide concentration (CO2) could cause various complaints or diseases. In buildings like offices and schools, where we have a brush with a high density of users, the main source of CO2 is simply people. The type of their activity brings higher or lower carbon dioxide gains, that must be taken into account to design and properly use room ventilation, allowing recommended CO2 levels not to be exceeded. This paper presents an approach to marking human CO2 generation off by using an experimental method. The method was verified based on measuring results of six test series conducted in different types of rooms at Bialystok University of Technology (Poland) during lectures, meetings, projects and laboratories. Carbon dioxide gains were comparable with an average value of 0.0045 L/s, which corresponds to theoretical CO2 generation rates that are symptomatic of males and females, between 16 and 30 years old, with low physical activity.
Highlights
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is an important indicator in the sustainability analysis of a building, included in social benefit and usability categories [1], and in economic aspects, due to its possible influence on the ventilation of the building and the corresponding energy consumption.Maintaining a proper quality of indoor air in buildings is very important for their users
The sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms noted among the users of multi-story building exhibited a strong association with carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, that during the research were in a range between 467 to 2800 ppm [6]
A review of the literature conducted by Johnsona et al, [8] showed that there was an association between low-level exposure to CO2 beginning at 700 ppm and building-related symptoms, whereas respiratory symptoms were indicated in children in a case of indoor CO2 concentrations higher than 1000 ppm
Summary
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is an important indicator in the sustainability analysis of a building, included in social benefit and usability categories [1], and in economic aspects, due to its possible influence on the ventilation of the building and the corresponding energy consumption. A proper ventilation design as well as its regulation during operation process is crucial, with an optimal air flow that allows reasonable energy consumption in buildings to established, in times of an adequate CO2 concentration, as well as maintaining a proper microclimate for occupants of the building. A large part of them is based in the measurement of CO2 produced by occupants as a tracer gas [21,22,23] This type of methods needs the knowledge of CO2 gain from people. To the best knowledge of the authors, contrary to the widely established methods based on metabolic calculations, there is a lack of experimental methods that can be used with the purpose of obtaining direct representatives CO2 gains from people in buildings and allow the obtained results to be compared with the theoretical metabolic values in each condition. Results are compared with metabolic values given in the literature
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