Carbon dioxide emission, mitigation and storage technologies pathways

Abstract

The Paris Agreement was aimed at reducing the global temperature to no more than 2ºC while continuing efforts to keep it to no more than 1.5 ºC to combat climate change and its detrimental effects. Scientists are more confident than ever that the damage already being caused by climate impacts will get worse as global warming progresses, with increasing adverse effects on human health, ecosystems, and economies. Therefore, to alleviate the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) is considered the most urgent and viable approach. This work studied extensively the likely sources of CO2 emissions, via anthropogenic or non-anthropogenic; and the current trends in technology to mitigate CO2. Also, the work provides an extensive discussion on CO2 storage and sequestration and briefly discusses the possible utilisation of CO2. By combining the benefit of direct capturing of CO2 and utilization, with long-term CO2 storage, CCUS is thus an appealing and profitable idea for meeting CO2 reduction targets.