Abstract
The introduction of ethylene into the field of anesthesia in the early part of 1923 by Luckhardt 1 suggested the need for an enlarged gas machine by which ethylene, nitrous oxid, oxygen, carbon dioxid and ether could be administered. 2 The work of Henderson, Haggard and Coburn 3 and White, 4 showing that carbon dioxid aids in the introduction of ether 5 as well as in its elimination, and that it is also an aid in ethylene anesthesia, 6 prompted me to include a control for carbon dioxid, thus making an apparatus of the four-control type. Some of these machines were the Gwathmey type; others were the Heidbrink type. Attachments for the ordinary gas machine were not satisfactory. In the cases discussed here, in which the apparatus was used, carbon dioxid was shown to be an aid in gas and in gas-ether anesthesia. The tabulation of cases shows the various
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