Abstract
Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a complex problem for being faced all overthe world, Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to scarcity of land and otherresources in urban areas and have increased the problem of disposal of the waste generated,The total MSW generation will continuously rise due to the outgoing urban growth,Uncontrolled haphazard dumping of MSW on the outskirts of towns and cities has createdoverflowing landfills, which are not only impossible to reclaim, but also have induced seriousenvironmental implications through contributions to ground water pollution and globalwarming, Successful composting of MSW is also practiced in a few pockets in some cities ofIndia but due to low compost quality, the market is very low. Moreover, the Government ofIndia is detennined to promote only composting technology for treatment of MSW as per therecommendation of Hon'ble Supreme Court of India based on the views from ExpertCommittee.MSW generally has a considerable fraction of biodegradable materials, even though theproportions vary from region to region. Biotreatment has, for many decades, been thepreferred method for effectively treating the biodegradable waste, Composting is an ancient,environmental friendly and globally recognized method of biotreatment and bioprocessing ofMSW, Composting generates a recycled organic product and minimizes the waste quantityleft for disposal, thereby reducing the demand for landfill sites, Different fractions of thebiodegradable organic components eventually mineralize to CO2 and H20 at different rates,The present paper describes the theoretical and experimental estimation of CO2 emission fromcomposting of MSW in India, which gives tentative estimation of carbon credit fromcomposting of MSW,
Highlights
Special attention for management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is the adoption of appropriate MSW management technology acceptable to the public, Contrary to the motto "development for good quality of life", rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to scarcity of open land and other resources in urban areas and have increased the problem of disposal of the waste generated
MSW generally has a considerable fraction of biodegradable materials, even though the proportions vary from region to region
Composting generates a recycled organic product and minimizes the waste quantity left for disposal, thereby reducing the demand for landfill sites
Summary
Composting generates a recycled organic product and minimizes the waste quantity left for disposal, thereby reducing the demand for landfill sites. Soil microbes oxidize organic compounds, and release essential minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, which plants need. This oxidation process is called respiration, wherein carbon dioxide, water, and energy are produced followed by the release ofminerals that are essential for the growth ofplant and other soil organisms. Different fractions of the biodegradable organic components during aerobic composting of MSW eventually mineralize to CO2 and H 20 at different rates and an attempt has been made to estimate the CO2 emission from composting ofMSW in India
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