Abstract
Multimodality imaging can reveal complementary anatomic and functional information as they exploit different contrast mechanisms, which has broad clinical applications and promises to improve the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. Accordingly, to attain the particular goal, it is critical to exploit multimodal contrast agents. In the present work, we develop novel cobalt core/carbon shell–based nanoparticles (Cobalt at carbon NPs) with both magnetization and light absorption properties for dual-modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The nanoparticle consists of ferromagnetic cobalt particles coated with carbon for biocompatibility and optical absorption. In addition, the prepared Cobalt at carbon NPs are characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), visible–near-infrared spectra, Raman spectrum, and X-ray powder diffraction for structural analysis. Experiments verify that Cobalt at carbon NPs have been successfully constructed and the designed Cobalt at carbon NPs can be detected by both MRI and PAI in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, intravenous injection of Cobalt at carbon NPs into glioblastoma-bearing mice led to accumulation and retention of Cobalt at carbon NPs in the tumors. Using such a multifunctional probe, MRI can screen rapidly to identify potential lesion locations, whereas PAI can provide high-resolution morphological structure and quantitative information of the tumor. The Cobalt at carbon NPs are likely to become a promising candidate for dual-modality MRI/PAI of the tumor.
Highlights
Complete surgical resection is the primary method for most solid tumors
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) revealed that the average size of the Cobalt at carbon NPs was less than 50 nm (Figure 2A)
With Cobalt at carbon NPs, a multi-scale complementary imaging protocol can be established: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can discern the location of tumor for preoperative planning, and high spatial resolution photoacoustic imaging (PAI) provides subsequent precise blood vessel morphology and tumor imaging from the surface to the depths to accurately guide tumor resection
Summary
Complete surgical resection is the primary method for most solid tumors. Because of the aggressive growth of tumor cells, clinicians face significant challenges in identifying and completely removing cancer tissue that is scattered sporadically (Baroncini et al, 2007; Issard et al, 2021). Cobalt at Carbon for Dual-Modality Imaging (MRI) has been used to guide stereotactic surgical removal of tumors for preoperative planning (He et al, 2017; Ding et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2019; Liu et al, 2019; Bucci et al, 2004). Because of tissue displacement, the tumor boundary delineated by this method in preoperative MRI is inconsistent with the actual tumor boundary during surgery (Reinges et al, 2004); the guidance of surgical resection by preoperative localization alone is limited
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