Carbon capture and utilization for industrial applications

Abstract

Heavy industries such as cement, iron and steel, oil refining, and petrochemicals are responsible for about 22% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. There exist several pathways for global CO2 mitigation. Capturing, storage, and utilization of CO2 (CCS and CCU) provide an operational solution for significant emission mitigation. High purity CO2 streams are the most interesting points for CCS and CCU. Pure CO2 streams are suitable for compression, transport, and storage. Capture technology categories are typically pre-combustion, oxy-fuel combustion, and post-combustion processes. Moreover, the main challenges of the robust industrial CCS/U development are the high costs of CO2 separation from flue gas or ambient air and the conversion of CO2 in various utilization pathways. This research study includes a summary of several CCS technologies and CCU pathways, their current status, cost, and industrial deployment.