Abstract
This paper presents the first empirical data of soil temperature and soil moisture profiles with depth in the context of a buried Carbon Capture and Storage transportation pipeline operating at higher than ambient soil temperatures. In an experimental approach, soil temperature responses are non-linear and are raised and restricted to within 45cm of the subsurface heat source (hypothetical pipeline). A surface heat source is included to investigate interactions of natural seasonal surface heating of soils with subsurface heat. There is no interaction between subsurface and surface heat sources in the experimental system. Soil moisture profiles vary with soil type, with overall soil moisture losses of >10% over experimental time courses. Modelled soil temperature profiles show that the ability of soils to buffer thermal movement from depths up to 1.2m from the surface is currently inadequately represented. Measurements provide the first elementary data of soil temperature changes resulting from a subsurface heat source for more accurate modelling of soil/pipeline interactions.
Highlights
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is currently regarded as a critical mitigation strategy for the global reduction of the atmospheric greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2)
The UK Government is committed under the Climate Change Act, 2008 to reduce carbon emissions by 80% of 1990s levels by 2050
A first-order pilot study incorporating a series of preliminary experiments generated Tprofiles which provide evidence that soils substantially buffer thermal input over distance from a subsurface heat source at 850 mm depth with no effect above ∼450 mm from the heat source detected
Summary
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is currently regarded as a critical mitigation strategy for the global reduction of the atmospheric greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2). It is reported as being capable of providing 19% of global CO2 emission reductions by 2050 to facilitate a smooth transition to sustainable energy production and use (L’Orange Seigo et al, 2014). The Global CCS Institute (http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/) has called for international and interdisciplinary collaboration to efficiently and swiftly engage in knowledge share of project design, construction, and operational experience whereby industry best practice guidelines and international standards can be adopted from the outset. One area to be considered for the deployment of CCS across the UK is the operating temperature of the pipelines carrying dense phase CO2 and the effects of this on the soils of agricultural, natural or other land use types lying above the pipelines as part of an environmental impact assessment
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