Carbohydrates, Growth and Production of “Roxo de Valinhos” Fig Tree in Initial Development under Irrigation Management

Manoel Euzébio De Souza,Rafaela Lopes Martin,Adilson Pacheco De Souza,Adriana Aki Tanaka,Sarita Leonel,Andréa Carvalho Da Silva

doi:10.4236/ajps.2015.68117

Manoel Euzébio De Souza, Rafaela Lopes Martin + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.68117

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Abstract

The carbohydrates translocation and consequently growth and production of fig tree (Ficuscarica L.) vary according to the different management on cultivation conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the levels and total carbohydrates accumulation together with growth and “Roxo de Valinhos” fig trees production onimplementation of orchards in initial phase, cultivated with and without irrigation. We adopted a factorial arrangement (2 x 7) with four repetitions distributed in installments (with and without irrigation) subdivided in time (collect time). Destructive analyzes were performed at 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 days after pruning (DAP) and are measured: stem diameter and branch, stem length and branch, number of leaves, internodes and fruit. Subsequently, the plant parts were sectioned to obtain the leaf area, length and roots volume, fresh and dry matter weight. The number, weight and total productivity of fruits were evaluated. The media of all growth attributes and production characteristics were higher in treatments with water irrigation. The total carbohydrate content was higher at 120 and 160 DAP and the carbohydrates accumulation was increasing for most institutions over the plants development, except for the leaves that showed a decrease in the levels at 160 DAP. The fruits showed greater carbohydrates accumulation in relation to the other evaluated organs.

Highlights

The fig tree culture in Brazil has presented a significant advancement in recent years, increasing at 45.72% in the produced volume, 116.16% and 404.03% on the amount in export value [1]
This variety excels due to high economic value, hardiness, high vigor and productivity, good adaptation to drastic pruning and with fruits can be used for both fresh consumption and industry [3] [4]
Growth dynamics was observed that the highest mean of leaves number (NL) and leaf area (LA) for two treatments were performed at 200 days after pruning (DAP) (Figure 2) and that water supplementation provided mainly differences in leaf area (Figure 1(B))

Summary

Introduction

The fig tree culture in Brazil has presented a significant advancement in recent years, increasing at 45.72% in the produced volume, 116.16% and 404.03% on the amount in export value [1]. The “Roxo de Valinhos” fig tree is the only variety grown in Brazil. This variety excels due to high economic value, hardiness, high vigor and productivity, good adaptation to drastic pruning and with fruits can be used for both fresh consumption and industry [3] [4]. In Brazilian conditions, according to the cultural techniques of the fig tree production, the annual pruning to canopy training and/or fruiting is carried out during the winter, followed by thinning of shoots in the autumn, setting so the number of branches in each plant per production cycle [5]. Among the various climatic factors, the availability of air temperature and water promotes the greatest influences in carbohydrates levels on plant, and can cause reductions in their growth by affecting the development and production [6] [7]

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