Abstract
ScopeThe association between carbohydrate intake from low‐, medium‐, and high‐glycemic index (GI) foods and hyperlipidemia among population with a high‐carbohydrate diet is examined.Methods and resultsA total of 93,870 participants of the Health Examinees Study (HEXA) are included in this cross‐sectional study. The odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) are estimated using the logistic regression model. The mean (interquartile range) of % energy from carbohydrate intake is 72.05 (67.73–77.18)% per day. Increasing intake of carbohydrate replacing fat is associated with increasing prevalence of high triglyceride (TG) and low HDL‐cholesterol, with stronger association for high‐GI carbohydrates than low‐ or med‐GI carbohydrates. ORs (95% CIs) comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles of high‐GI carbohydrates are 1.27 (1.09, 1.48) among men and 1.51 (1.31, 1.74) among women for high TG; and 1.50 (1.24, 1.82) among men and 1.73 (1.54, 1.93) among women for low‐HDL‐cholesterol. High‐GI carbohydrate intake replacing fat is inversely associated with the prevalence of high LDL‐ and total cholesterol. More pronounced associations in body mass index (BMI) <25 kg m−2 than higher BMI are found.ConclusionsIncreasing low‐quality carbohydrate intake is associated with increasing prevalence of high TGs and low HDL‐cholesterol.
Published Version
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