Abstract
Background Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a common type of cancer among men worldwide. Little is known regarding the relationship of liver cancer with ocular metastasis (OM). Drinking has been also reported to be related not only to the occurrence of liver cancer but also to the causes of some ocular lesions.Purpose A diagnostic standard for the levels of serum biomarkers associated with OM derived from liver cancer in men is urgently needed.Material and methods We examined the association between OM in liver cancer and its serum biomarkers. A total of 1254 male patients with liver cancer were recruited in this retrospective study between July 2002 and December 2012. We assessed the relationship between drinking preference and OM in male patients with liver cancer, and aimed to identify an independent prognostic factor or establish a quantitative indicator for OM.Results By assessing the potential indicators, carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125), calcium, and hemoglobin (Hb) were found to be most valuable in the diagnosis of OM in male patients with liver cancer.Conclusion CA-125, calcium, and Hb are independent risk factors of OM in patients with liver cancer who consume alcohol.
Highlights
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a common type of malignant tumor in the liver and includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the incidence of which is the fourth largest worldwide [1]
A total of 1254 male patients with liver cancer were enrolled in the study, including 16 ocular metastasis (OM) patients and 1238 NOM patients
The chi-squared and non-parametric summary tests did not reveal significant differences in age between the OM group and NOM group (P>0.05), while a significant difference was observed between the groups in drinking preference (P
Summary
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a common type of malignant tumor in the liver and includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the incidence of which is the fourth largest worldwide [1]. The risk factors for liver cancer are mainly hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus, followed by cirrhosis, aflatoxin, alcoholism, and smoking. In Western countries, cirrhosis is one of the risk factors for the development of HCC. Such changes are rarely observed in non-cirrhotic livers, and persistent drinking is the main cause of cirrhosis [6]. Primary liver cancer (PLC) is a common type of cancer among men worldwide. A total of 1254 male patients with liver cancer were recruited in this retrospective study between July 2002 and December 2012. We assessed the relationship between drinking preference and OM in male patients with liver cancer, and aimed to identify an independent prognostic factor or establish a quantitative indicator for OM
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