Abstract
In the present study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared using the aqueous extract of the leaves of Chromolaena odorata. These biosynthesized nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD results on the prepared powder confirmed the presence of ZnO, with an estimated mean size of 24 nm. The SEM and TEM images indicated that the synthesized nanoparticles were spherical in shape with good particle dispersion. FTIR spectroscopy also confirmed the presence of ZnO in the synthesized powder through to the presence of the band localized between 800-500 cm-1, which is characteristic of the (Zn−O) bonds in zinc oxide. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared nanopowders against the bacterial strains E. coli and S. aureus demonstrated significant inhibitory effects. These inhibitory effects were more pronounced on E. coli than on S. aureus with maximum inhibition zones of 16 and 14 mm, respectively. It appears that this method can be used for the rapid and environmentally-friendly biosynthesis of stable zinc oxide nanoparticles having antimicrobial properties.
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