Abstract
Resumo A descentralização da competência para o monitoramento e licenciamento do uso dos recursos naturais, das esferas federais e estaduais para os municípios, tem gerado uma pressão para a adoção de um modelo de governança que consiga congregar as demandas de serviços públicos de qualidade, geração de trabalho e renda, com menor impacto ambiental. Esta pesquisa avaliou se o esforço e a dependência fiscal (receitas) dos municípios e as despesas por função são variáveis relevantes para explicar os melhores e piores desempenhos ambientais obtidos. Foram analisados os dados de 645 municípios do estado de São Paulo, de 2008 a 2017. Utilizou-se o método de regressão quantílica para analisar a relação entre os indicadores; ele propicia a obtenção de resultados mais precisos, ao considerar os municípios em quantis. Os resultados demonstraram que os gastos realizados são mais relevantes para explicar os melhores desempenhos ambientais do que as receitas, contudo, identificaram que maior esforço fiscal e maiores investimentos em políticas de gestão ambiental, saneamento básico e desporto e lazer têm impacto positivo sobre o Índice de Avaliação Ambiental (IAA) do município. Por fim, constatou-se que municípios governados pelos partidos de centro e direita têm alcançado melhores índices ambientais, comparativamente aos governos que adotam estratégias mais progressistas.
Highlights
Society has demanded from public managers the adoption of a governance model that can deliver quality public services, increase employment and income, and has a minimum environmental impact
Most modern environmental governance solutions eventually create a complex system of laws and institutions (Paavola, 2007), and several solutions may be considered when trying to align the concept of environmental governance with the notion of economies of scale or scope in delivering public services at municipal, state or federal levels
The local authorities were required to balance the economic development with the proposal of public policies that minimize the environmental impact, through systematic and continuous monitoring
Summary
Society has demanded from public managers the adoption of a governance model that can deliver quality public services, increase employment and income, and has a minimum environmental impact.Most modern environmental governance solutions eventually create a complex system of laws and institutions (Paavola, 2007), and several solutions may be considered when trying to align the concept of environmental governance with the notion of economies of scale or scope in delivering public services at municipal, state or federal levels.Concerns about environmental issues have required special attention from municipalities, especially since Resolution 237/1997 of the National Environment Council (Conama), which provided that the management of local environmental impacts is the competence of municipalities. Society has demanded from public managers the adoption of a governance model that can deliver quality public services, increase employment and income, and has a minimum environmental impact. Most modern environmental governance solutions eventually create a complex system of laws and institutions (Paavola, 2007), and several solutions may be considered when trying to align the concept of environmental governance with the notion of economies of scale or scope in delivering public services at municipal, state or federal levels. Tassi and Kühn (2014) analyzed the effects of Resolution 237/1997 observing the environmental licensing process carried out by municipalities in this role of environmental management. The authors found that there are criticisms of municipal environmental licensing, it is more effective than the management centered in the state or federal governments
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
