Características de vigor y susceptibilidad a salinidad de árboles de aguacate en las condiciones subtropicales de Jalisco, Mex.

Abstract

Objectives: This work was carried out to determine the tree size and susceptibility to salinity and tristeza of avocado trees on a high density orchard established under subtropical conditions of Sayula Jalisco, with grafted plants introduced from Michoacan. Methodology: Trees of Hass and Mendez varieties grafted on native Mexican monoembryonic rootstocks planted at 5 x 3 m, on a sandy loam soil, pH 7.3, were used. During 5 months 10,500 trees were evaluated to register the size (scale: < 2.0, 2.1-3.5 , and > 3.5 m height) and susceptibility to salinity (scale: 1,3 and 5; 1=no damage, and 5=severe damage on leaves). Contribution: A high variability was observed on size of trees. 20.0 % of trees showed a small size, less than 2 m. 30.0% reached more than 3.5 m height. Salinity expression on leaves was very evident. Most trees showed salinity symptoms with a indices of 3 to 7. Only 28 % of trees were free of salinity. The use of monoembryonic rootstocks and water salinity were the main factors inducing tree avocado variability in this region.