Características de pacientes superobesos atendidos em serviço de referência em cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and people with super obesity (BMI > 50 kg/m²) have the worse prognosis, related to physical complications but also to mental illnesses, physical and verbal abuse, as well as social exclusion. Objective: To determine the profile of super obese patients treated in a referential bariatric surgery service. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 56 medical records of patients treated at the HUUFMA’s Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Service multidisciplinary ambulatory care in 2017-2019. Incomplete records or with body mass index (BMI) < 50 kg/m² were excluded. Results are presented in mean and standard deviation. Chi-square test was used for association analysis, Shapiro-Wilks test for normality and significance was considered for p<0.05. Results: Prevalence in sample of females (80.3%), brown skin (67.8%), average age of 37.8 ± 9.8 years, and 49.1% graduated high school. The average weight and BMI were that of 136.6 ± 12.4 kg and 59 ± 6.5 kg/m², respectively, with a patient standing out with a BMI of 71 kg/m². Among the comorbidities we found obstructive sleep apnea in 100%, insomnia in 98.2%, joint problems in 53.5%, anxiety in 50%, hepatic steatosis and systemic arterial hypertension with 48.2% each, dyslipidemia in 42.8%, intestinal constipation in 32.1% and type 2 diabetes mellitus in 17.8%. There was a significant relation (p<0.05) between schooling and weight. An impact on mental health was observed, with 37.5% of the patients exhibiting depression, 44.6% binge eating and 17.6% suicidal thoughts and/or self-mutilation. Conclusion: The super obese patients’ profile is that of a young adult woman, with average schooling, various comorbidities and with significant impact on mental health.