Abstract

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar o desenvolvimento motor e as oportunidades ambientais de lactentes de mães adolescentes, bem como comparar o desenvolvimento motor dos lactentes que moram com as avós com o desenvolvimento dos que moram apenas com os pais. Participaram do estudo 17 lactentes de mães adolescentes. Os instrumentos utilizados foram um questionário contendo informações sobre o lactente e a mãe, o Affordance in the Home Environment for Motor Development - Infant Scale (AHEMD-IS) e a Escala Motora Infantil de Alberta (Alberta Infant Motor Scale - AIMS). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, pelo testes de Pearson e U de Mann-Whitney, considerando-se estatisticamente significativos valores de p<0,05. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos lactentes filhos de mães adolescentes (58,82%) apresentou um desenvolvimento motor normal, sendo que, na comparação entre os grupos, observou-se diferença significativa de desempenho motor das crianças que moram com avós. Em relação às oportunidades ambientais analisadas por meio do AHEMD-IS, todas as residências apresentaram baixa oportunidade para o desenvolvimento motor. Em conclusão, apesar de a maioria das crianças apresentarem normalidade no desenvolvimento motor, é importante enfatizar que o desenvolvimento tem influências multifatoriais, resultando de fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos. Um acompanhamento longitudinal de filhos de mães adolescentes se faz necessário para entendermos o desfecho do desenvolvimento motor destes.

Highlights

  • Motor development is considered a continuous and sequential process linked to chronological age, which begins at conception and lasts until adulthood[1,2,3]

  • This study aimed to evaluate the motor development and environmental opportunities on infants of adolescent mothers, and the specific objective was to compare motor development on infants living with their grandparents with the development of those living only with their parents

  • When analyzing the groups, it was found that infants of adolescent mothers who live with their grandmothers (Group A) showed a better motor performance compared with infants who live only with their parents (Group B)

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Summary

Introduction

Motor development is considered a continuous and sequential process linked to chronological age, which begins at conception and lasts until adulthood[1,2,3] It is the result of continuous interaction between genetically determined biological potentials and environmental conditions, and are influenced by the interaction between individuals and the context in which they are inserted[4]. Teenage pregnancy has been considered an important public health issue, because of its worldwide prevalence[11,12,13] It has been suggested as a possible risk factor for delayed motor development of the child, due to poor mother-infant bonding, maternal neglect, lack of adequate maternal care, lack of interest and the emotional immaturity of adolescents to become mothers[14]. In a study[15] of adolescent mothers and grandmothers, the authors observed that babies often call their grandmother “mother”, corroborating the idea that the grandmother is both a mother and a grandmother to these children

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