Caracterização clínica e terapêutica de lesões mamárias não neoplásicas em fêmeas da espécie felina

Abstract

The fibroepithelial hyperplasia and cystic dysplasia correspond to feline mammary gland nonneoplastic proliferations. Although benign, they have the carcinoma as the main differential diagnosis. The study aimed to establish the clinical-epidemiological and therapeutic profile of nonneoplastic mammary neoformations of domestic cats, in order to help veterinary clinicians in the management of feline mastopathies. Information was obtained retrospectively from the Veterinary Hospital of the Semi-Arid Rural Federal University clinical records. Historical information, clinical appearance of the lesions and microscopic diagnosis were collected, besides the therapy used and the respective clinical response. The data were distributed in frequencies. It was found that most disorders (91%) corresponded to fibroepithelial hyperplasia, in contrast with one (9%) case of cystic dysplasia. Cytology was enough to confirm all cases of fibroepithelial hyperplasia, while the cystic dysplasia definitive diagnosis was obtained only by the histopathological exam. Many of the cats studied were under one year old, having not usually been ovariectomized yet, but already subjected to progestin treatment. The most common clinical sign were local cyanosis. In 90% of the female patients with breast fibroepithelial hyperplasia, primary treatment consisted of antiprogestagen drug (aglepristone) administration. After complete regression of the breast tissue, the patients underwent ovariosalpingohysterectomy. For the cystic dysplasia case, it was established the association of surgical sterilization with mastectomy. For all situations, the different therapies promoted permanent remission of the mastopathies. The data obtained become crucial for clinical management and therapy of feline patients suffering from nonneoplastic mammary gland neoformations.