Caracterización de la salud visual y ocular en niños de un centro de desarrollo infantil de un barrio marginal de Pereira, Colombia

Abstract

Objective: To describe the conditions of visual and ocular health of children attending a Child Development Center in a marginal neighborhood of the city of Pereira, Colombia.Materials and methods: The sociodemographic, visual and ocular characteristics of children attending a Child Development Center (CDI) in the city of Pereira, between the ages of 9 and 70 months, are described from the information reported in the clinical records. Exam clinics practiced between 2012 and 2013.Results: 352 clinical histories were evaluated, 54.8% corresponded to the masculine gender. The average age in the sample was 49.7 months. Mixed-race patients were presented in 67.32% of the cases, being this group the most common. Emmetropia was observed in 67.05%, of the patients, hyperopia in 23.58%, myopia in 9.38% and astigmatism occurred in 9.1% of cases. The average of the sphere was +0.34 Diopters, of astigmatism 0.17 Diopters and most of the patients presented axes with the rule. Of 704 eyes, 2.98% were found with blepharitis, in mixed and Afro-Colombian races. Physiological exophoria was in 42% of the cases.Conclusions: The most prevalent refractive state in all age groups was emmetropia, followed by hyperopia. The pathologies of the anterior segment and ocular adnexa were more frequent in the mixed and Afro-Colombian ethnic groups, mainly blepharitis and conjunctivitis. The exophoria and within it, the physiological, represents the most frecuent motor state diagnosed in this study.