CAR T Cells: Cancer Cell Surface Receptors Are the Target for Cancer Therapy.

Behrouz Shademan,Vahidreza Karamad,Cigir Biray Avcı,Alireza Nourazarian

doi:10.34172/apb.2022.051

Behrouz Shademan, Vahidreza Karamad + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.34172/apb.2022.051

Copy DOI

Abstract

Immunotherapy has become a prominent strategy for the treatment of cancer. A method that improves the immune system’s ability to attack a tumor (Enhances antigen binding). Targeted killing of malignant cells by adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells is a promising immunotherapy technique in the treatment of cancers. For this purpose, the patient’s immune cells, with genetic engineering aid, are loaded with chimeric receptors that have particular antigen binding and activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes. That increases the effectiveness of immune cells and destroying cancer cells. This review discusses the basic structure and function of CAR-T cells and how antigenic targets are identified to treat different cancers and address the disadvantages of this treatment for cancer.

Highlights

To traditional therapies.2,3 It is essential to develop treatment alternatives
chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells consist of the target receptor segment t (ScFv single-stranded variable fragment attached to the hinge), the membrane-permeable region, and the intracellular region
Engineering CAR-T cells for therapeutic purposes. 1) this section begins by obtaining blood from a cancer patient at the hospital

Summary

Accepted Manuscript

T cells by decreasing penetration of CAR-T cells and compromising anti-tumor activity. a Cytokines such as TGF-β and IL-10 are developed by TME tumor cells. These agents can suppress a more robust immune response to the tumor and protect cancer cells. Drugs including anti-CCL2(C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2), CSF1R (Colony Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor) antibodies suppress the TAM microenvironment's potency surrounding the tumor are under investigation.28 Another way to p improve the strength of CAR-T cells in solid tumors is to inhibit T-cell-mediated immune suppressor signals.. Focusing on the high expression of these antigens in tumor cells over normal cells helps develop appropriate T cells with high affinity for cancer cells' treatment. CTable 1. everal experiments have demonstrated that CAR-T cells are characteristic of solid Atumors

Ability to target multiple antigens clinical study a Prostate cancer

The presence of

Limitations

Conclusion