Abstract
BackgroundAdults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a poor prognosis, especially in patients who relapsed within 6 months of complete remission 1 (CR1). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the treatment of choice. However, this can only be considered after complete remission 2 (CR2) is achieved. Therefore, bridging treatment is urgently needed.Case presentationIn the present study, we report a relapsed adult B-cell ALL case that achieved CR2 after treatment with CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cell (CAR-T) therapy. After subsequent allo-HSCT, the patient acquired 21 months of disease-free survival.ConclusionThe present results confirm that both CAR-T and allo-HSCT are effective for treating refractory or relapsed B-ALL. However, a novel sequential treatment strategy with these two therapeutic methods may achieve longer disease-free survival time.
Highlights
Adults with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a poor prognosis, especially in patients who relapsed within 6 months of complete remission 1 (CR1)
The present results confirm that both chimeric antigen receptors (CARs)-T and allo-HSCT are effective for treating refractory or relapsed B-ALL
Curative approaches, such as allogeneic transplantation, are only considered for ALL patients who relapse after achieving complete remission 2 (CR2)
Summary
The present results confirm that both CAR-T and allo-HSCT are effective for treating refractory or relapsed B-ALL.
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