番椒雄不稔系統鑑定及甜椒(Capsicum annuum L.)細胞質雄不稔導入之研究

Abstract

Conversion of GMS male sterility system to CMS will increase the male sterility proportion of female parent of F1 seed production from 50 to 100%. It can eliminate the cost of emasculation and ensure seed hybridity through avoidance of self pollination. In this study, segregation analysis of four male sterile mutants consisting of one CMS mutant (CA1) and three GMS mutants (GA1, GA3 and GA4) showed that each had single recessive gene inheritance. A modified complementation test was performed by replacing male sterile mutants with their maintainer line as male parent. The observation on CMS and GMS male sterility loci revealed that GA1 and GA3 had mutated in both nuclear restorer genes for CMS and GMS, while CA1 and GA4 each carried mutations in single male sterility system of nuclear restorer genes for CMS and GMS, respectively. The important finding is the broader function of a maintainer line in certain male sterility system that can be used as a maintainer or restorer line for other male sterility systems and CC1 is confirmed as the general restorer for both CMS and GMS systems. Bell pepper lacks the CMS nuclear restorer allele Rf and also contains mutations in its GMS nuclear restorer locus. Consequently the GMS maintainer and restorer lines of bell pepper are also the CMS maintainer line. This study has demonstrated the conversion of the male sterility system of the non pungent GMS bell pepper restorer line, GC3, to a CMS male sterile line using S-type cytoplasm donor (CA1) and GC3 has converted to be CMS restorer line using a Rf-allele donor (CC1). Both donors S-type cytoplasm and the Rf allele are derived from tropical pungent pepper that stable on male sterility and fertility restoration, respectively. Evaluation of S-type cytoplasm and Rf-allele introgression was conducted in BC1F1 and BC1F2 populations. Two breeding lines were selected as CMS male sterile candidates and four breeding lines were selected as CMS restorer line candidates of bell pepper. Several morphological traits of the iv selected progeny were measured and shown similar to their recurrent parent (GC3). The effectiveness of molecular markers linked to traits of interest of Stype cytoplasm, pungency and CMS nuclear restorer fertility locus were evaluated in 30 BC1F1 and 116 BC1F2 individuals. Since this study employed the stable of Rf allele and S-type cytoplasm donor from tropical pungent pepper, the developed CMS male sterile line and the restorer line candidates of bell pepper should be stable. Conversion of the male sterility system of bell pepper from GMS to CMS was performed successfully.