Abstract
One of the economy key sectors of Republic of Moldova and Romania is the wine sector, where a progressive trend has prevailed in recent years. But to increase its efficiency it is necessary to use the raw material in a complex way, producing both famous wines and other necessary products, as well as to comply with the rigors of ecological standards. The issue of wine by-products draws the attention and interest of researchers, regulators, industry and consumers and has urged the European Community to a zero waste economy by 2025. The article deals with the chemical composition of the main parts of grapes which depend on a number of factors, such as variety, climatic conditions of the year, vine and wine making practices, condition of the grapes, their maturity, etc. There have been presented physico-chemical characteristics of the wastes obtained from the grapes processing such as: bunches, grape pomaces, piquette and diffusion juice, seeds, wine yeast, tirighia and vinasse. Thus, by making use of wine wastes, a number of valuable products can be obtained that can be used for different purposes.
Highlights
The wine sector of Republic of Moldova and Romania has experienced a special development in the last 30 years, becoming one of the important sectors of the economy
To increase its efficiency it is necessary to use the raw material in a complex way, obtaining along with the famous wines and other necessary products, as well as to comply with the rigors of ecological standards in order to prevent environmental pollution
The food industry is facing the challenge of developing new foods with increased health benefits and meeting consumer’s appreciation, some by-products of the wine sector showing high potential to be used in this purpose [4]
Summary
The wine sector of Republic of Moldova and Romania has experienced a special development in the last 30 years, becoming one of the important sectors of the economy. The food industry is facing the challenge of developing new foods with increased health benefits and meeting consumer’s appreciation, some by-products of the wine sector showing high potential to be used in this purpose [4] These imperatives are important at the moment and emerge from the morphological composition of the grapes. It is as follows: Globally, grapes are mostly used in two directions: fresh and dehydrated (raisins) especially in Turkey, Iran, Iraq, the Middle East, the USA, some African countries; and the second direction for industrial processing in order to obtain wine products, as natural wine or special wines (sparkling, aromatized, liqueur, etc.).
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