Abstract
ABSTRACT: This report described pathological fracture of the femoral head (physeal dysplasia) in four male cats (three mixed breed and one Bengal), with an average age of 16 months, treated by an ostectomy of the femoral head and neck. Three cats were neutered and one entire. All presented with mild intermittent lameness in the pelvic limbs. Displacement of the femoral epiphysis and resorption of the femoral neck were present and excision of the femoral head and remaining neck was performed in all cases. Hstological examination showed mild foci of compaction and trabecular fibrosis with deposition of fibrous connective tissue, permeated by granulation tissues, consistent with the original diagosis. Limb function improved in all patients from 2 to 4 weeks postoperatively. Diagnosis of physeal dysplasia is challenging and treatment is different from acute traumatic fractures. Femoral head and neck excision was considered a good alternative in these patients.
Highlights
RESUMO: Este trabalho descreve a fratura patológica da cabeça do femur em quatro machos, com idade média de 16 meses, que foram tratados com ostectomia da cabeça e colo femorais
O deslocamento da epífise femoral e a reabsorção do colo femoral estavam presentes, a excisão da cabeça e colo femoral foi realizada em todos os casos
Capital femoral physeal dysplasia referred to as slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), feline capital physeal dysplasia syndrome and spontaneous capital femoral physeal fracture is the result of weakening of the proximal epiphyseal cartilage of the femur
Summary
Right 13 early neutering because there are reports of physeal dysplasia in intact male and female cats (CRAIG, 2001; BURKE, 2003). Findings in SCFE affect both the head and the femoral neck with a wide, irregular and organized area of hypertrophic cartilage, and sometimes the upper femoral epiphysis can be necrotic or can be an intact and viable bone (CRAIG, 2001). P2, P3 and P4 the chondroid layer was fragmented, irregular, with foci of degeneration and permeated by granulation tissue compatible with reactivity and bone trabecular disorganization with ossification disorder, represented by trabecular fibrosis and immature granulation tissue at the periphery Focal hemorrhage and necrosis in the dorsal region of the femoral neck may be filled with proliferating fibroblasts, fibrous connective tissue or granulation tissue at the cleavage site (BORAK et al, 2016) These findings were present in P1 with multifocal areas of necrosis and hemorrhage associated with moderate neovascularization with deposition of fibrous connective tissue and moderately thickened bone trabeculae. It is strongly recommended to follow up the patient due to the increased risk of contralateral joint SCFE, validating the importance of a precise diagnosis
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