Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the capacity of the working memory among secondary stage students in Amman second educational directorate and its relationship with their ability to retain information. To explore their level of working memory, listening test period developed by (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980) was used, and the test consisted of 40 items. Moreover, the researcher used retention ability test in biology with 20 items. The sample of the study was selected from eight schools through random clustering total 293 male and female students in the school year 2010/2011. The findings of the study showed that the capacity of the working memory among students was high and their ability to retain was low. There is a positive significant relationship between the capacity of the working memory and the level of the ability to retain information. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers recommended the need of taking careful attention to mnemonics and the strategies that may help working memory in restoring and processing, concentrating in teaching methods that help students to employ more than one sense in addition to the direct experience in teaching to increase the working memory capacity among students and help them to improve information processing strategies. Moreover, they conduct more studies on working memory and its relationship with psychological and cognitive variables in other educational stages.
Highlights
Memory played a big role in human’s life and in his social, cognitive and psychological activity
The information are selected by the sensory memory to reach its final destination to the long term memory and processed in the short term memory which is called later that represents the individual recognition to the process of retaining information for a short period of time until he makes a decision to process it and sending it to the long term memory (Al-Sahreef, Mustafa, & Mahmoud, 2005)
Baddeley (2005) mentioned that there is a need to shift from short term memory to the working memory as it is not storage or a route for data but it contains processing information to send it to the long term memory
Summary
Memory played a big role in human’s life and in his social, cognitive and psychological activity. The memory keeps the cognitive storage for humans, and through this storage forms the normal personality and helps the individual to imagine, judge, visualize, induce and practice all intellectual activities. Scientists tried to study the human memory as well as memorization, storage and recall; they found that there are three types of memory: Sensory memory, short-term memory, and longterm memory (Leahey, 2003). Baddeley (2005) mentioned that there is a need to shift from short term memory to the working memory as it is not storage or a route for data but it contains processing information to send it to the long term memory. Jarrold & Towse (2006) indicated that the process of employing information and integrating it to achieve a certain cognition goal distinguishing the working memory from the short term memory Baddeley (2005) mentioned that there is a need to shift from short term memory to the working memory as it is not storage or a route for data but it contains processing information to send it to the long term memory. Jarrold & Towse (2006) indicated that the process of employing information and integrating it to achieve a certain cognition goal distinguishing the working memory from the short term memory
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